x D x N
               1000

where         Vc = Cutting speed ( m/min)
                   D   =  Diameter of work (mm)
                   N   =  No. of revolutions(rpm)

ll        Feed (f)

     f =   l 
           N
where     f    =    feed(mm/rev)
              l     =    length of tool travel(mm/min)
             N   =    No. of revolutions(rpm)
lll      Cutting time ( T )
            T =     L 
                       l
where      T  =  Time (min)
                L =  Length of workpiece (mm)
                l   =  Length of tool travel (mm/min)
lV Power ( P )
     p = Vc x f x d x ps 
               6 x 10³ x
where    P = Power (KW)*  *HP = 0.75KW
             Vc = Cutting speed (m/min)
              f = Feed (mm/rev.)
             d = Depth of cut (mm)
             Ps = Specific cutting force (kg/mm2)
               = Efficiency of the machine                        normally around 0.7 to 0.85

where    F = Cutting force ( kgf )
             Ps = Specific cutting force ( kg/mm2 )*
             d  =   Depth of cut (mm )
             f  =   Feed ( mm/rev.)
                    * 250-400 Kg/mm² for steel
                       150-300 Kg/mm² for cast iron

  V1   Deflection of the tool ( )

       =    4 x F x L³                  = 64 x F x L³
             E x b x h³                      3 x  x E x D⁴
    for square shank             for round shank   where      =    Deflection  (mm)
            F =     Cutting force (kgf)
            L =     Overhang length of tool (mm)
            E =      Modulus of elasticity of shank                          material 21,000 Kgf/mm² for                          steel and 56,000 to 62,000                          Kgf/mm² for carbide
             b =     Width of shank (mm)
             h =     Height of shank (mm)
             D =    Diameter of shank (mm)